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Diving around Krakatau requires careful monitoring of volcanic activity status. The Indonesian Centre for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation maintains alert levels for Anak Krakatau, and diving operations only proceed during Level 1 normal activity periods. Exclusion zones around the active cone of Anak Krakatau are strictly observed, and diving takes place on the older caldera walls and submerged slopes of the original Krakatau islands at a safe distance. Experienced operators monitor seismic activity daily and will cancel trips if conditions change.

Krakatau diving is fundamentally a geological experience with marine life as a bonus. The underwater landscape consists of lava formations, volcanic rubble, black sand slopes, and occasional thermal vents that create shimmering water. Coral communities here are pioneer species, the first colonisers of relatively young volcanic substrate, and watching this process of reef building in its earliest stages is scientifically fascinating. Visibility can be variable due to volcanic sediment and plankton-rich upwellings, and conditions are genuinely unpredictable.

Diving Krakatau is an expedition undertaking. A handful of operators in Anyer on Java's west coast and Bandar Lampung in Sumatra offer multi-day boat trips to the Krakatau archipelago. The crossing takes 3 to 5 hours depending on departure point and sea conditions. Most trips combine diving with island exploration and are weather dependent. The Sunda Strait has strong tidal currents and can be rough outside the calm season of May to October. This is not a walk-in dive centre situation and advance booking is essential.